Digital Humanities and Social Sciences: Mapping

Coordinate Reference System (CRS): System using two or three coordinates (x,y) to explain the location of a point on a two-dimensional map relative to real locations on the earth

Geospatial Information System (GIS): System designed to deal with spatial information with a geographical aspect (e.g. ArcGIS, QGIS)

Georectify: Similar to georeferencing; Often used to describe transforming and warping the image to remove distortion

Georeference: Assign a CRS to an image (e.g. scanned map or satellite image) by specifying appropriate coordinates relative to a known CRS (e.g. Google Maps)

Plat Map: Map drawn to scale to indicate divisions of the land; Often used for urban planning and related activities such as zoning, utilities maintenance, and public space designation

Raster Data: Data made up of cells (or pixels) organized into columns and rows (e.g. scanned maps or satellite images)

Vector Data: Geometric data made up of interconnected vertices or points to create points, lines, and polygons (e.g. marker or road drawn on a map)